The establishment of international children's Day is related to the Lidice, a massacre during World War II. On June 10, 1942, German fascists shot and killed more than 140 male citizens over the age of 16 and all infants in Lidice village, Czech Republic, and escorted women and 90 children to the concentration camp. The houses and buildings in the village were burned down, and destroyed by German fascists. After the end of the Second World War, the economy around the world was depressed, thousands of workers lost their jobs and lived a life of hunger and cold. The situation of children is even worse. Some have contracted infectious diseases and died in batches. Others are forced to work and suffer from torture.

The concept of "International Children's Day" was first put forward at the International Conference on children's welfare held in Geneva, Switzerland, inAugust 1925.

At this conference, representatives of 54 countries caring for children gathered in Geneva, Switzerland to hold the "International Conference on the happiness of children" and adopted the Geneva Declaration on the protection of children. In the declaration, there were heated discussions on the spiritual enjoyment of children, the relief of poor children, the avoidance of children's dangerous work, children's access to livelihood opportunities, and how to save and raise children.

Since then, on the one hand, to inspire children and make them feel happy. On the other hand, in order to attract social attention and love, many countries have successively stipulated "children's Day".